Stress and depression of university students in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic

Elsherbeny, Enas; Mabrouk, Shimaa; Hgaga, Radwa; Ghandour, Ahmed; Mekhamier, Hanem; Soliman, Asmaa Mohamed

doi:10.21608/ejcm.2023.182822.1244

Stress and depression of university students in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El Dakahlia , Egypt.

² puplic health and community medicin, faculty of medicine, fayoum university, fayoum, Egypt

³ Faculty of pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt

⁴ Helwan University Faculty of Medicine: Cairo, Egypt

⁵ Assistant professor of community health nursing, Faculty of nursing, Damietta university

⁶ Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University

10.21608/ejcm.2023.182822.1244

Abstract

Background: Mental health issues have been increasing globally, especially among university students. The pandemic of COVID-19 has aggravated this pre-existing and serious problem. This study aimed to assess the stress and depression levels and mental health status of Egyptian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on medical and non-medical Egyptian university students. A total of 1470 participants completed the electronic anonymous online survey containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Perceived Stress Scale(PSS).
Results: Of the 1470 participants, 10.9% have moderately severe depression and 6.1% have severe depression. Moreover, 77.6% reported moderate stress, 16.3% reported low stress, and 6.2% reported high stress. There was strong positive correlation between depression and stress among participants (r = 0.815) (p < 0.001). The significant predictors for depression were age between 18 and 20 years, female sex, presence of chronic diseases, and presence of friends or relatives diagnosed with COVID-19. The significant predictors for stress were age between 18 and 20 years, female sex, presence of friends or relatives diagnosed with COVID-19, and medical faculties.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of university students of Egypt showed moderate to high level of stress, and about one-third of them had moderate to severe depression. Younger age, female sex and having a relative or friend diagnosed with COVID-19 were significant predictors for high stress level and depression. Psychological interventions for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic are strongly recommended to promote their mental health and improve academic achievement.

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