Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Impact of Some Socioeconomic Factors of Parents on The Quality of Life of Leukemic Children11370510.21608/ejcm.2015.705ENJournal Article20161109Introduction: Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in Egyptian children and has been among the 5 top prevalent pediatric cancers in Egypt, its proportion from total cancer cases is 6.4%. Objective: is to determine the effect of socioeconomic factors of the parents on the quality of life of leukemic children. Methods: Cross sectional study had been carried out at the national cancer institute in Cairo governorate, from July 2012 till January 2013 on 7-14 years old children. 388 recently diagnosed ALL children had been identified through reviewing the medical records from outpatient clinics of the national cancer institute in Cairo governorate; Demographic data had been collected from the parents of the child to get reliable information, as this kind of questions was too hard to a child to answer accurately, while data of the second section had been collected directly from the child. The first case was selected randomly then the third one was selected in randomly systematic way. Results: More than 80% of the study population belongs to low and very low social classes. The study shows there is statistically significant relation between the socioeconomic class and physical activity, child relation with his peers, and school progress quality of life domains. The most important predictor in SES was the income Conclusion: Most of the very low socioeconomic class children reported lower physical activity, social function, and school progress quality of life rather than low and middle socioeconomic class.Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Patients' Rights: Awareness of the Pediatric Patients’ Guardians Attending Benha University Hospital.153070610.21608/ejcm.2015.706ENJournal Article20161109Introduction: The majority of the patients would do nothing when facing problems or harm in the hospital if they ignore their rights or how to insist on them. Objectives: The objectives of this cross sectional study were to assess the awareness of the pediatric patients’ guardians about Patients’ Rights and to detect the factors associated with this awareness. Subjects and Methods: An interview questionnaire sheet was completed by 375 guardians; it included items about their socio-demographic characters and items to assess their awareness about the term of Patients’ Rights and its components. Results: About 75% of the interviewed child guardians were familiar with the term of patient’s rights, but only 4.8% of them reported they saw a post showing the patients' rights in the hospital. The guardians showed high awareness regarding some rights rather than others. Urban residents were significantly (P<0.05) more aware of two rights than rural ones. There was a significant association between the age of the sick child and the awareness of his guardian about another two rights P (<0.05). Being familiar with the term of "Patients' Rights" and most of its components increased significantly (P<0.05) with higher educational levels of the guardians. Guardians of children with chronic diseases were significantly more familiar with the term (P=0.004). Conclusion: Although a good percentage of the studied guardians were familiar with the term of patients’ rights, about one quartet of them did not know that their sick children have rightsEgyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Epidemiology and Health Related Quality of Life in Infertile Females314770710.21608/ejcm.2015.707ENJournal Article20161109Background: Female infertility is a growing problem. Numerous risk factors are incriminated. Also infertility has many effects on the individual. Its effect on the Health related quality of life (HRQOL) among Egyptian females has not been sufficiently studied.<br />Aim: This study aimed to study epidemiology and identify the main risk factors associated with infertility among Egyptian females and assess the health related quality of life among these patients including physical, psychological and social domains<br />Subjects and Methods: A Case control study was conducted on females attending outpatient clinic at two tertiary hospitals in Cairo. An interview questionnaire was designed and administered. 468 cases (infertile) and 450 (fertile) controls were interviewed. Data was analyzed using SPSS program version18.<br />Results: Significant risk factors for infertility included age at marriage more than 30, BMI more than 30, alcohol intake, exposure to X-ray, radiotherapy, lead, domestic pesticides, chemicals, history of congenital malformation, family history of hereditary disease, abnormal pattern of menstruation. 12.4% of the cases had poor or very poor HRQOL in comparison to 3.1% of the controls. Cases showed lower scores than controls in all three domains of QOL.Conclusions: There are numerous risk factors affecting infertility in the Egyptian society, many of which are preventable. Infertility and its related health conditions have a negative effect on all domains of HRQOL. Recommendations: Care should be taken to avoid the risk factors. Infertile females should be offered suitable supportive measures as counseling and patient centered care throughout their course of treatment.Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Epidemiological study of Congenital Hydrocephalus in Sohag Governorate496170810.21608/ejcm.2015.708ENJournal Article20161109Introduction: Hydrocephalus is defined as the extra cerebral accumulation of water, the commonest neurological anomalies, one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants worldwide.<br />Objective: To study the epidemiology, evaluate management and prevention of Congenital Hydrocephalus.<br />Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for infants from Sohag University and Insurance hospitals from March 2014 to December 2014. All recruited infants after clinical evaluation and investigation to ensure the diagnosis, were interviewed assessing socio-demographic conditions, risk factors then data are statistically analysed.<br />Results: In our study including 240 hydrocephalic infants and 600 non hydrocephalic, the estimated incidence of hydrocephalus was 6.76/1000 living births. Significant risk factors were identified: uniparity (53.3%), age of the mother <20 years at conception (25%), maternal diabetes (13.8%), fever and common cold (32.1%), exposure to pollutants, irradiation (15.1%) and (13.3%) respectively. Consanguinity was present in 58% , family history was detected in 20.8%, drugs intake in 63.8%, fathers above 50 years at time of conception was detected in 30.4%, of them (85.28%) were non professionals, no antenatal care (51.7%), polyhydramnios (7.5%), oligohydramnios (7.1%), early vaginal bleeding (14.2%), preeclampsia (7.5%), twins was recorded (7.9%), breech presentation in (12.9%). Congenital hydrocephalus was treated by shunt operation in 230 infants (85%), and prognosis was good in 70%. Conclusions: Important risk factors have been identified, strongly associated with the development of congenital hydrocephalus in infants. Improvement antenatal care, socio-demographic conditions and adopted fortification of the staple food are needed to our locality.Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Predictors of Erectile Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus637570910.21608/ejcm.2015.709ENJournal Article20161109The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of erectile dysfunction among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) milletus and to determine the predictive risk factors of erectile dysfunction in men with T2DM. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 men with T2DM from patients attending the internal medicine diabetic outpatient clinic of Tanta university hospital, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. The results revealed that 42.93% of study group suffered from erectile dysfunction. Glycated hemoglobin, age in years, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking condition and high total cholesterol are considered significant predictors for erectile dysfunction among T2DM patients. The study concluded that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction was high in men with T2DM and glycated hemoglobin, age in years, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking condition and high total cholesterol are considered significant predictive risk factors for erectile dysfunction among diabetic patients that let us recommend certain measures to prevent, early detection and management of these risk factors.Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Health Related Quality Of Life In Patients With Vitiligo778371010.21608/ejcm.2015.710ENJournal Article20161109Vitiligo is a chronic pigmentary skin disease.Vitiligo patients suffer from low self-esteem and poor body image which may cause a lower level of quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the impairment of quality of life in adults with vitiligo compared with unaffected controls. Subjects and Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Benha University Hospital, Benha City, Qalubia governorate; Egypt. The study group comprised 95 cases with vitiligo and 100 unaffected controls. All participants were interviewed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Results: The total mean DLQI score in vitiligo was 12.3, compared with 3.02 in healthy controls (p < 0.001). In vitiligo, females experienced a greater impact on Quality of Life than males. Conclusion and Recommendations: patients with vitiligo are prone to have a lower level of quality of life, so management should contain both medical treatment and psychological interventions.Egyptian Community Medicine AssociationThe Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine1110-186533220150401Work-related respiratory disorders among street sweepers in Cairo, Egypt, a comparative study859771110.21608/ejcm.2015.711ENJournal Article20161109Respiratory diseases are one of the main morbidities to which street sweepers are exposed due to inhalation of road dust. The problem is rising in developing countries due to lack of occupational safety and health measures. Cumulative and long exposure to dust negatively affects lung function parameters. Objectives: This study aims to measure and compare the lung functions and respiratory morbidity among a group of street sweepers and a comparison group of office workers in Abbasia district, Cairo, Egypt. Methods: This study was a cross sectional study which included 107 street sweepers and 104 office workers. The study participants were asked about their socio-demographic, occupational and medical data. Their lung functions were measured. Results: The percentage of participants with reduced FEV1, reduced FVC and reduced FEV1/FVC were significantly higher in the sweepers than in the control group (62.1% versus 34.6%, 58.3% versus 44.2%, and 32% versus 18.3% respectively). Chronic cough was also significantly higher in the sweepers than in the control group (17.5% versus 5.8%). Reduced FVC% was significantly associated to older age and longer duration of employment. Reduced FEV1/FVC was positively associated to smoking among sweepers. Conclusions: Hazardous exposure to dust during street sweeping can cause respiratory symptoms such as cough and a significant reduction in pulmonary function.