Hypertension and Dyslipidemia among Type II Diabetic Patients and Related Risk Factors and Complications

Background:Diabetics are likely to develop hypertension. Hypertension occurs in about 70%
of type II diabetics moreover, it clusters with other cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity,
insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.Objective:To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and
dyslipidemia amongtype II diabetic patients and to identify common risk factors and
complications of type II diabetes with hypertension.Methods:A Cross sectional study was
conducted on type II diabetics attending outpatient clinics at Zagazig University and El-Ahrar
Hospitals.Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected
about participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, life style risk factors, andexistent
diabetic complications.Blood pressure, Body Mass Index,serum fasting glucose, total
cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured.Results:Prevalence of hypertension,
hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were 68%, 57.3%, and 47% respectively.
Hypertension significantly occurred among female, elderly,and low social patientsand
associated with family history of DM, physical inactivity or not following diabetic diet.
Diabetic hypertensive patients were significantly obese and havinghigh cholesterol and
fasting blood sugar (FBS). They were significantly complicated with FBS >300 mg/dl, ocular
and cardiovascular diseases.Conclusion:There was increased prevalence of hypertension and
dyslipidemia among type II diabetics. Hypertension was common in low social old aged
obese diabetic patients not following diabetic diet and regular exercise and those with high
cholesterol and fasting blood sugar. Hypertensive diabetics were prone to many complications
as hyperglycemia, ocular problems and CVD.Recommendations:Further studies are needed
to explore related risk factors of hypertension and dyslipidemia among type II diabetics,
Health education programs are recommended for both clinicians and diabetic patients for
early detection and management of hypertension and dyslipidemia.